好奇为什么 · 4-8 岁

彩虹是怎么来的

阳光和雨滴的七彩相遇

科普启蒙约 5 分钟4-8 岁中英双语

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雨刚停，阳光从小树背后照过来，前方挂起一道彩虹。小树兴奋地问：“彩虹是怎么来的？”

The rain had just stopped. With sunlight shining from behind Xiaoshu, a rainbow appeared ahead. “How is a rainbow made?” he asked excitedly.

雨刚停，阳光从小树背后照过来，前方挂起一道彩虹。小树兴奋地问：“彩虹是怎么来的？”

The rain had just stopped. With sunlight shining from behind Xiaoshu, a rainbow appeared ahead. “How is a rainbow made?” he asked excitedly.

“它为什么有这么多颜色，还弯成一座拱桥呢？”小树转过身，看了看身后的太阳，又看看前方的雨滴。

“Why does it have so many colors, and why is it curved like an arch?” Xiaoshu turned to check the Sun behind him, then looked back at the raindrops ahead.

爸爸说：“阳光看起来是白色的，其实藏着许多颜色。阳光斜着进入圆圆的雨滴时，会先折弯一次，这叫折射。”

Papa said, “Sunlight looks white, but it contains many colors. When it enters a round raindrop at an angle, it bends once. This is called refraction.”

“彩色的光来到雨滴背面，其中一部分会像照到小镜子一样，在水滴里面反射回来。”

“When the colored light reaches the back of the raindrop, some of it reflects inside, rather like light bouncing from a tiny mirror.”

“光离开雨滴时又折射一次。不同波长的光弯转角度不同，于是它们分开排成了彩色光带。”

“The light refracts again as it leaves the drop. Light of different wavelengths bends by different amounts, so it spreads into a band of colors.”

“看彩虹时，太阳要在身后，雨滴要在前方。能把彩色光送进眼睛的雨滴围成一个大圆，地面常挡住下半圈，所以我们多半看到弯弯的彩虹。”

“To see a rainbow, the Sun must be behind us and raindrops ahead. The drops sending colored light to our eyes lie around a big circle. The ground usually hides its lower part, so we mostly see an arc.”

爸爸用喷壶在阳光前喷出细细的水雾。小树背对太阳一看，水雾里果然藏着一小段彩虹！

Papa sprayed a fine mist from a plant mister into the sunlight. With the Sun behind him, Xiaoshu spotted a tiny rainbow in the mist!

一阵风吹来，水雾飘走了，树叶也沙沙摇动。小树追着新问题问：“风为什么会吹呢？”

A breeze carried the mist away and rustled the leaves. Xiaoshu chased his next question: “Why does the wind blow?”

阳光进入雨滴时先折射，其中一部分光在雨滴内部反射，离开时再次折射；不同波长的光弯转角度不同，于是分开成彩色光，许多雨滴一起组成了彩虹。

Sunlight refracts as it enters a raindrop. Some of that light reflects inside and refracts again as it leaves. Light of different wavelengths bends by different amounts, separating into colors that many raindrops combine into a rainbow.

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